High-Voltage Power Supply for Image-Guided Surgery: Intraoperative Real-Time Parameter Adjustment Mechanism

Image-guided surgical systems integrate real-time imaging modalities—such as fluoroscopy, CT, or electromagnetic tracking—to assist surgeons during precision procedures. The high-voltage power supply, which controls X-ray tube or imaging field excitation, must support rapid, precise adjustments to maintain consistent image quality despite intraoperative variations in tissue density, position, or instrument shadowing.
The system employs a digital high-voltage controller with ultra-fast response DAC modules, enabling millisecond-level adjustment of tube voltage and current. Real-time imaging data is analyzed through embedded algorithms that assess frame brightness, contrast, and noise distribution. Based on feedback, the control system dynamically fine-tunes output voltage and pulse repetition frequency to maintain optimal imaging conditions.
To prevent abrupt voltage transitions that could damage the X-ray tube, the power supply utilizes smooth ramp control and active current limiting during parameter updates. Electromagnetic compatibility measures, including grounded shielding and multi-stage filtering, ensure interference-free operation alongside surgical navigation and patient monitoring devices.
The system’s predictive compensation model uses pre-acquired anatomical data to estimate expected X-ray attenuation across tissue layers. During surgery, the controller preemptively adjusts high-voltage output for upcoming imaging frames, ensuring uniform photon flux and consistent image contrast in real time.
This micro-adjustment mechanism allows surgeons to visualize anatomical structures clearly under minimal radiation exposure. By merging precision high-voltage control with intelligent feedback algorithms, the power supply enables seamless synchronization between imaging and surgical execution, forming the electrical backbone of modern, minimally invasive image-guided surgical systems.