Electromagnetic Shielding Design for 450kV High-Voltage Power Supply

In the modern field of power applications, 450kV high-voltage power supplies are widely used in many critical areas such as scientific research, industrial production, and medical fields due to their ability to provide high-energy output. However, during operation, high-voltage power supplies generate intense electromagnetic radiation, which not only interferes with the normal operation of surrounding electronic devices but also poses potential threats to the health of operators. Therefore, a scientific and reasonable electromagnetic shielding design is of great significance for 450kV high-voltage power supplies.
The basic principle of electromagnetic shielding is based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction and the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves. When an electromagnetic wave encounters a conductor, an induced current is generated on the surface of the conductor. These induced currents then generate secondary electromagnetic waves in the opposite direction to the original electromagnetic wave, and the two cancel each other out, thus achieving the shielding of electromagnetic waves. For a 450kV high-voltage power supply, the electromagnetic radiation it generates covers multiple frequency bands, from low-frequency magnetic fields to high-frequency electric fields, and a variety of shielding methods need to be comprehensively applied.
When designing the electromagnetic shielding of a 450kV high-voltage power supply, the selection of shielding materials is the first consideration. For low-frequency magnetic fields, materials with high magnetic permeability such as permalloy are ideal choices. It can guide the magnetic field lines to pass through itself, reducing the intensity of the magnetic field leaking outward. For high-frequency electric fields, good conductor materials such as copper or aluminum are more suitable because high-frequency electromagnetic waves have a strong skin effect on the surface of good conductors, causing most of the electromagnetic energy to be reflected and absorbed.
The design of the shielding structure is also crucial. Usually, a multi-layer shielding structure is adopted. The innermost layer is aimed at the electromagnetic radiation generated by the internal circuits of the high-voltage power supply, and the shielding material that is most effective for specific frequency bands is used. The middle layer can use composite materials, which can not only block the remaining low-frequency magnetic fields but also further attenuate high-frequency electric fields. The outer layer is mainly used to prevent external electromagnetic interference from entering the high-voltage power supply and ensure the stability of the power supply operation. For example, the joints of the shielding body must be closely connected to avoid gaps, because even tiny gaps can become channels for electromagnetic leakage.
The grounding design is also an indispensable part of the electromagnetic shielding design. Good grounding can quickly conduct the charges induced on the shielding body to the ground, preventing charge accumulation from generating secondary radiation. For a 450kV high-voltage power supply, low-resistance grounding materials should be used, and the grounding path should be short and straight to reduce the grounding resistance.
In addition, during the shielding design process, the needs of ventilation, heat dissipation, and equipment maintenance also need to be considered. Ventilation holes can be reasonably set on the shielding body, but these ventilation holes must be specially designed, such as using a waveguide structure, to ensure that the electromagnetic shielding effect is not affected while ventilating. At the same time, the design of the shielding body should be easy to disassemble and install for regular maintenance and repair of the high-voltage power supply.
By carefully selecting shielding materials, optimizing the shielding structure, reasonably designing the grounding, and comprehensively considering other relevant factors, the electromagnetic radiation of the 450kV high-voltage power supply can be effectively reduced, ensuring the electromagnetic compatibility of the surrounding environment and the safe, stable, and efficient operation of the high-voltage power supply.